A week ago I suggested installing AIDE to track changes on your server in case it had been hacked. I think AIDE Is so useful that it deserves a post of it’s own. Here’s a short guide to get it working properly.
The AIDE .deb package includes configuration files for over 80 different software packages or log files. That’s great if you have all that software installed or want to keep a paranoid eye on /var but what if you only care about the directory where your website lives?
When I first installed AIDE (using apt-get install aide), it said I needed to run /usr/sbin/aideinit after installation. Every morning I’d get an email from AIDE with a list of changed files from all over my server, including mail logs, Apache logs, and more. I didn’t need all that so I removed the files from /etc/aide.conf.d/ except my WordPress config file:
/home/web/ Checksums
!/home/web/logs/.*
!/home/web/public_html/wp-content/cache/.*
!/home/web/.*/htdocs/wp-content/cache/.*
Unfortunately after I removed the configuration files the daily AIDE email was flooded with open_dir() errors:
Output is 40577 lines, truncated to 1000.
open_dir():Not a directory: /home/donncha/.bashrc
open_dir():Not a directory: /home/donncha/.bash_profile
open_dir():Not a directory: /home/donncha/.viminfo
open_dir():Not a directory: /home/donncha/.bash_history
AIDE was rendered useless by all the errors. Thankfully it was easy to fix. Run aideinit again and it regenerates the AIDE database.
# /usr/sbin/aideinit
Overwrite existing /var/lib/aide/aide.db.new [Yn]? y
Running aide –init…AIDE, version 0.13.1
### AIDE database at /var/lib/aide/aide.db.new initialized.
Overwrite /var/lib/aide/aide.db [yN]? y
For good measure, I ran /etc/cron.daily/aide again which sent me the “Daily AIDE report”, and yes, it reported that my .htaccess file had been changed. Nice.
If your site is on a shared hosting account then you’re out of luck, but if you have a dedicated host, or virtual private server (VPS) then please consider using AIDE to keep track of changed files. It will send you a short email every day listing changed, added or deleted files. It may save you a lot of hassle and embarrassment if your site is hacked.
Edit: By default, the nightly cron script doesn’t update the AIDE database leading to the same files changes reported every day. Edit /etc/default/aide and make sure COPYNEWDB is set to “yes”. That will update the database.
